Science

The James Webb Telescope presents a new view of the pillars of creation

The James Webb Telescope presents a new view of the pillars of creation

Nearly 30 years ago, the Pillars of Creation stunned the world of astronomy when they were captured by NASAthe famous Hubble Space Telescope.

Now a new generation can enjoy a new glimpse of the haunting scene after the US space agency’s $10bn (£7.4bn) super space telescope, James Webb, imaged the same gas and dust fingers.

Resembling a ghostly hand, the Pillars of Creation are part of the Eagle Nebula – located 6,500 light-years from Earth – and are known to be a source of star formation.

This week NASA and the European Space Agency revealed another look at the pillars from Webb’s sharp eyes.

Beautiful: Nearly 30 years ago, the pillars of creation stunned the world of astronomy when they were captured by NASA’s famed Hubble Space Telescope. Now a new generation can enjoy a new glimpse of the haunting scene after the US space agency’s $10bn (£7.4bn) super space telescope James Webb imaged the same fingers of gas and dust (pictured)

The first image of the pillars of creation was taken by Hubble in 1995. It provided the first evidence that stars could be born within the pillars.

The first image of the pillars of creation was taken by Hubble in 1995. It provided the first evidence that stars could be born within the pillars.

WHAT ARE THE PILLARS OF CREATION?

They are one of the most iconic space features ever captured on camera.

The Pillars of Creation were first captured by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope in 1995, then photographed again in 2014.

Now, almost 30 years after our first glimpse of the disturbing formation, the new James Webb Space Telescope has photographed it again.

The Pillars of Creation, located 6,500 light-years from Earth in the constellation Serpens, are part of the Eagle Nebula.

They are known to be an important source of star formation.

The gas and dust in the claw-like tendrils cause the birth of stars, including many very young and some that have now been imaged as only about 100,000 years old.

In the 1995 Hubble image, blue colors represent oxygen, red is sulfur, and green is both nitrogen and hydrogen.

The pillars are bathed in searing ultraviolet light from a cluster of young stars just outside the frame.

The winds of these stars are slowly eroding away the towers of gas and dust.

The last image was taken in mid-infrared light, which blocks out the brightness of the stars so that it only captures the gas and dust flowing by. This provided a new way to experience and understand the awesome formation.

Webb has instruments that see in different infrared wavelengths.

In October, experts released an image of the Pillars of Creation from the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam), before following it up with an image from their Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI).

Now they have brought the images together to produce a haunting image that presents the best of both views, showing bright edges of dust where young stars are beginning to form.

NIRCam reveals newly formed stars in orange outside the pillars, while MRI shows the dust layers of the formation.

“This is one reason the region is full of stars: dust is an important ingredient in star formation,” NASA said.

The bright red fingertip of the second pillar suggests active star formation, but the stars are only babies: NASA estimates they are only about 100,000 years old.

They take millions of years to fully form.

“By combining images of the iconic pillars of creation from two cameras aboard NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, the universe has been framed in its infrared glory,” Webb’s team wrote.

They said it “sparked this star-forming region in new detail.”

When clumps of gas and dust with sufficient mass form in the pillars, they begin to collapse under their own gravitational pull, slowly heat up, and eventually form new stars.

“Newly forming stars are especially evident at the edges of the top two pillars — they’re practically coming into the picture,” Webb’s team said.

‘Almost everything you see in this scene is local.

“The distant universe is largely blocked from our view by both the interstellar medium, which is made up of gas and sparse dust lying between the stars, and by a thick lane of dust in our Milky Way galaxy.

“As a result, the stars take center stage in Webb’s vision of the pillars of creation.”

The pillars of creation are found in the constellation Serpens.

New space super telescope: Webb (pictured) has instruments that see in different infrared wavelengths

New space super telescope: Webb (pictured) has instruments that see in different infrared wavelengths

In October, experts released an image of the Pillars of Creation from the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam)

In October, experts released an image of the Pillars of Creation from the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam)

They then followed up with an image from their Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)

They then followed up with an image from their Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)

It contains a young hot star cluster, NGC6611, visible with modest backyard telescopes, which is sculpting and illuminating the surrounding gas and dust, resulting in a huge hollow and hollow pillars, each a few light-years across of length.

The 1995 Hubble image hinted at new stars being born within the pillars. Because of the obscuring dust, Hubble’s visible-light imager could not see inside and show that young stars were forming.

NASA then sent Hubble back for a second visit, allowing them to compare the two shots.

Astronomers noticed changes in a jet-like feature moving away from one of the newborn stars within the pillars.

The jet grew another 60 billion miles in the time between observations, suggesting that the jet material was traveling at a speed of about 450,000 miles per hour.

The James Webb Telescope: NASA’s $10 billion telescope is designed to detect light from the first stars and galaxies

The James Webb Telescope has been described as a ‘time machine’ that could help unlock the secrets of our universe.

The telescope will be used to look back to the first galaxies born in the early universe more than 13.5 billion years ago, and observe the sources of stars, exoplanets and even the moons and planets of our solar system.

The vast telescope, which has already cost more than $7 billion (£5 billion), is seen as a successor to the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope.

The James Webb Telescope and most of its instruments have an operating temperature of about 40 Kelvin, about minus 387 Fahrenheit (minus 233 Celsius).

It is the largest and most powerful orbiting space telescope in the world, capable of looking back 100 to 200 million years after the Big Bang.

The orbiting infrared observatory is designed to be about 100 times more powerful than its predecessor, the Hubble Space Telescope.

NASA likes to think of James Webb as a successor to Hubble rather than a replacement, as the two will work in tandem for some time.

The Hubble telescope was launched on April 24, 1990 by the space shuttle Discovery from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

It circles the Earth at a speed of about 17,000 mph (27,300 km/h) in low Earth orbit at an altitude of about 340 miles.



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